ISO (International Organization for Standardization)The ISO or International Organization for Standardization is a non-governmental international organization which promotes standardization in order to facilitate communication, technical progress and commerce. ISO, in its present form, came into being in 1947. The computer and communications industries are among those which really profit from responsive international standardization. ISO sets the standards for programming languages. SGML started out as a General Markup Language; it originated at IBM in the late 60s, in an effort to reduce the problem of transporting documents between different computer systems. It was after GML's acceptance by ISO that it became the Standard Generalized Markup Language.
Even such things as the character set used for HTML, are identified by an ISO publication, ISO 8859/1, also known as Latin-1. These standards are among the unseen framework that has made international networking possible.